Natura Montenegrina No 4, 2005

UDK 612.014.46:546.47:633.32(045)=111

  

INFLUENCE OF ZINC ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF WHITE CLOVER

 (TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.)

  

Suzana KRATOVALIEVA1, Lenka CVETANOVSKA2, Elizabeta GIRAZOVA3

  

S y n o p s i s

 

Different plant sensibility to zinc influence the processes of vital significance  on synthesis of compounds, taking the role of coenzymes. Zinc surplus and zinc deficit have the same toxic effect. Plants of white clovers were treated with four different concentrations of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4·7H2O) 0.1; 1.0; 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg soil. Plant samples were taken in the phase of stem forming, flowering and fruitiness. Dynamic in content of fresh and dry mass, plastid pigments as well as total and soluble carbohydrates were followed. Concentrations of 1.0 mg/kg soil and 10.0 mg/kg soil zinc sulphate  stimulate pigment and carbohydrate synthesis that resulted in increased weight of fresh underground and aboveground plant mass. In accordance to it, the lower zinc concentrations might be used as stimulators in the process of obtaining the higher and more nutritious yield.

 Key words: zinc, plastid pigments, carbohydrates, white clover (Trifolium repens ).

 

S i n o p s i s

 

UTICAJ CINKA NA RAST I RAZVITAK BELE DETELINE (TRIFOLIUM REPENS L.)

 

Različita osetljivost biljaka prema cinku utiče na procese od vitalnog značaja i na sintezu jedinjenja, uzimajući ulogu koenzima. Suficit i deficit cinka utiće podjednako toksično. Biljke bele deteline su tretirane sa 4 različte koncentracije cink sulfata (ZnSO4·7H2O) 0,1; 1,0; 5,0 i 10,0 mg/kg zemljišta. Biljni materijal za analizu je uzet u fazi formiranja stabla, početka cvatnje i plodonošenja. Pri tome je praćena promena u sadržini sveže i suve mase, plastidnih pigmenata kao i ukupnih i rastvorljivih uglehidrata.  Biosintezu plastidnih pigmenata stimuliraju koncentracije od 1,0 i 10,0 mg/kg cink sulfata. Pod uticajem apliciranog cink sulfata odvija se intenzivnija sinteza ugljenih hidrata što rezultira  povećanjem težine podzemne i nadzemne biljne mase. To znači da manje koncentracije cinka mogu stimulirati njihovu sintezu, a samim tim veći i hranljivi prinos .

Ključne reči: cink, plastidni pigmenti, ugljeni hidrati, bela detelina (Trifolium repens ).

  

1,3 Institute of Agriculture, Aleksandar  Makedonski bb, 1000 Skopje, Makedonia

2 Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics,  1000 Skopje, Makedonia